文章基本信息

标题：Greater decision-making competence is associated with greater expected-value sensitivity, but not overall risk taking: an examination of concurrent validity
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作者：Parker, Andrew M. ; Weller, Joshua A.
期刊名称：Frontiers in Psychology
电子版ISSN：1664-1078
出版年度：2015
卷号：6
页码：717-722
DOI：10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00717
出版社：Frontiers Media
摘要：Decision-making competence reflects individual differences in the susceptibility to decision-making errors, measured using tasks common from behavioral decision research (e.g., framing effects, under/overconfidence, following decision rules). Prior research demonstrates that those with higher decision-making competence report lower incidence of health-risking and antisocial behaviors, but there has been less focus on intermediate mechanisms that may impact real-world decisions, and, in particular, those implicated by normative models. Here we test the associations between measures of youth decision-making competence (Y-DMC) and one such mechanism, the degree to which individuals make choices consistent with maximizing expected value (EV). Using a task involving hypothetical gambles, we find that greater EV sensitivity is associated with greater Y-DMC. Higher Y-DMC scores are associated with (a) choosing risky options when expected value favors those options and (b) avoiding risky options when expected value favors a certain option. This relationship is stronger for gambles that involved potential losses. The results suggest that Y-DMC captures decision processes consistent with standard normative evaluations of risky decisions.
关键词：Decision Making; competence; expected value sensitivity; individual differences; Risky choice