文章基本信息

标题：Motivation Matters: Differing Effects of Pre-Goal and Post-Goal Emotions on Attention and Memory
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作者：Kaplan, Robin L. ; Van Damme, Ilse ; Levine, Linda J. 等
期刊名称：Frontiers in Psychology
电子版ISSN：1664-1078
出版年度：2012
卷号：3
页码：1-9
DOI：10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00404
出版社：Frontiers Media
摘要：People often show enhanced memory for information that is central to emotional events and impaired memory for peripheral details. The intensity of arousal elicited by an emotional event is commonly held to be the mechanism underlying memory narrowing, with the implication that all sources of emotional arousal should have comparable effects. Discrete emotions differ in their effects on memory, however, with some emotions broadening rather than narrowing the range of information attended to and remembered. Thus, features of emotion other than arousal appear to play a critical role in memory narrowing. We review theory and research on emotional memory narrowing and argue that motivation matters. Recent evidence suggests that emotions experienced prior to goal attainment or loss lead to memory narrowing whereas emotions experienced after goal attainment or loss broaden the range of information encoded in memory. The motivational component of emotion is an important but understudied feature that can help to clarify the conditions under which emotions enhance and impair attention and memory.
关键词：Emotions; Memory narrowing; Goal relevance; Motivation; Arousal