文章基本信息

标题：Long term changes in water areas and wetlands in an intensively farmed landscape: A case study from the Czech Republic
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作者：Markéta Šantrůčková ; Katarína Demková ; Martin Weber 等
期刊名称：European Countryside
印刷版ISSN：1803-8417
电子版ISSN：1803-8417
出版年度：2017
卷号：9
期号：1
页码：132-144
DOI：10.1515/euco-2017-0008
语种：English
出版社：Walter de Gruyter GmbH
摘要：The landscape of the Czech Republic currently faces droughts that are caused by several factors. One of the reasons for drought is landscape development and land cover changes. Changes in water and wetland areas and streams were studied by comparing old military maps and the present state. Water and wetland areas in fertile lowlands significantly decreased over time; the landscape was continuously dried out with the aim of increasing agricultural and woody production. While water and wetland areas occupied nearly one-third of the study area (Nové Dvory and Žehušice micro-regions in Central Bohemia) at the end of the 18^th century, the present share of these areas is only 3.5%. There was a decrease of approximately 10% in each period, and nearly all of these areas disappeared by the end of the 19^th century. Water and wetland areas were changed primarily to arable land. The length of streams decreased by the end of the 19^th century. Drainage and irrigation channels were built during the 20^th century, and although they are only periodic or episodic streams, these channels increased the total length of streams.
关键词：streams ; still waters ; wetlands ; land use changes ; drought ; central Europe ; vodní toky ; vodní plochy ; mokřadní plochy ; změny využití krajiny ; sucho ; střední Evropa