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标题：Factor Structure of the Spiritual Needs Questionnaire (SpNQ) in Persons with Chronic Diseases, Elderly and Healthy Individuals
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作者：Arndt Büssing ; Daniela Rodrigues Recchia ; Harold Koenig 等
期刊名称：Religions
电子版ISSN：2077-1444
出版年度：2018
卷号：9
期号：1
页码：13
DOI：10.3390/rel9010013
语种：English
出版社：MDPI Publishing
摘要：The Spiritual Needs Questionnaire (SpNQ) is an established measure of psychosocial, existential and spiritual needs. Its 4-factor structure has been primarily validated in persons with chronic diseases, but until now has not been done in elderly and stressed healthy populations. Therefore, we tested the factor structure of the SpNQ in: (1) persons with chronic diseases (n = 627); (2) persons with chronic disease plus elderly (n = 940); (3) healthy persons (i.e., adults and elderly) (n = 1468); and (4) chronically ill, elderly, and healthy persons together (n = 2095). The suggested structure was then validated using structured equation modelling (SEM). The 4-factor structure of the 20-item SpNQ (SpNQ-20) was confirmed, differentiating Religious Needs, Existential Needs, Inner Peace Needs, and Giving/Generativity Needs. The psychometric properties of the measure indicated (CFI = 0.96, TLI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.04 and SRMR = 0.03), with good reliability indices (Cronbach’s alpha varying from 0.71 to 0.81). This latest version of the SpNQ provides researchers with a reliable and valid instrument that can now be used in comparative studies. Cultural and religious differences can be addressed using their different language versions, assuming the SpNQ’s structure is maintained.
关键词：spiritual needs; questionnaire; factorial structure; validation; structural equation modeling; patients; chronic disease; healthy persons; elderly spiritual needs ; questionnaire ; factorial structure ; validation ; structural equation modeling ; patients ; chronic disease ; healthy persons ; elderly