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标题：Mechanisms of Iron Uptake from Ferric Phosphate Nanoparticles in Human Intestinal Caco-2 Cells
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作者：Antonio Perfecto ; Christine Elgy ; Eugenia Valsami-Jones 等
期刊名称：Nutrients
电子版ISSN：2072-6643
出版年度：2017
卷号：9
期号：4
页码：359
DOI：10.3390/nu9040359
语种：English
出版社：MDPI Publishing
摘要：Food fortification programs to reduce iron deficiency anemia require bioavailable forms of iron that do not cause adverse organoleptic effects. Rodent studies show that nano-sized ferric phosphate (NP-FePO4) is as bioavailable as ferrous sulfate, but there is controversy over the mechanism of absorption. We undertook in vitro studies to examine this using a Caco-2 cell model and simulated gastrointestinal (GI) digestion. Supernatant iron concentrations increased inversely with pH, and iron uptake into Caco-2 cells was 2–3 fold higher when NP-FePO4 was digested at pH 1 compared to pH 2. The size and distribution of NP-FePO4 particles during GI digestion was examined using transmission electron microscopy. The d50 of the particle distribution was 413 nm. Using disc centrifugal sedimentation, a high degree of agglomeration in NP-FePO4 following simulated GI digestion was observed, with only 20% of the particles ≤1000 nm. In Caco-2 cells, divalent metal transporter-1 (DMT1) and endocytosis inhibitors demonstrated that NP-FePO4 was mainly absorbed via DMT1. Small particles may be absorbed by clathrin-mediated endocytosis and micropinocytosis. These findings should be considered when assessing the potential of iron nanoparticles for food fortification.
关键词：nano iron; NP-FePO4; bioavailability; Caco-2 cells; simulated gastrointestinal digestion; DMT1; endocytosis nano iron ; NP-FePO4 ; bioavailability ; Caco-2 cells ; simulated gastrointestinal digestion ; DMT1 ; endocytosis