文章基本信息

标题：Protein Nutrition and Malnutrition in CKD and ESRD
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作者：Yan Zha ; Qi Qian
期刊名称：Nutrients
电子版ISSN：2072-6643
出版年度：2017
卷号：9
期号：3
页码：208
DOI：10.3390/nu9030208
语种：English
出版社：MDPI Publishing
摘要：Elevated protein catabolism and protein malnutrition are common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end‐stage renal disease (ESRD). The underlying etiology includes, but is not limited to, metabolic acidosis intestinal dysbiosis; systemic inflammation with activation of complements, endothelin‐1 and renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone (RAAS) axis; anabolic hormone resistance; energy expenditure elevation; and uremic toxin accumulation. All of these derangements can further worsen kidney function, leading to poor patient outcomes. Many of these CKD‐related derangements can be prevented and substantially reversed, representing an area of great potential to improve CKD and ESRD care. This review integrates known information and recent advances in the area of protein nutrition and malnutrition in CKD and ESRD. Management recommendations are summarized. Thorough understanding the pathogenesis and etiology of protein malnutrition in CKD and ESRD patients will undoubtedly facilitate the design and development of more effective strategies to optimize protein nutrition and improve outcomes.
关键词：protein nutrition; protein catabolism; chronic kidney disease; dialysis; acidosis; inflammation; hormonal derangements; uremic toxins protein nutrition; protein catabolism; chronic kidney disease; dialysis; acidosis; inflammation; hormonal derangements; uremic toxins