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标题：Are trampling effects by wild tundra reindeer understudied?
其他标题：Are trampling effects by wild tundra reindeer understudied?
本地全文：下载
作者：Jan Heggenes ; Arvid Odland ; Dag K. Bjerketvedt 等
期刊名称：Rangifer
印刷版ISSN：1890-6729
出版年度：2018
卷号：38
期号：1
页码：1-11
DOI：10.7557/2.38.1.4121
语种：English
出版社：Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
摘要：Grazing and trampling by the wide-ranging wild tundra reindeer may have major top down landscape effects by causing vegetation changes. Grazing, as the collective effect of eating, trampling, defecation, and urination, has been studied extensively. In contrast, trampling effects per se are rarely studied, and almost never quantified, even though considered very important. The main reason appears to be methodological; effects of trampling imprints are difficult to measure and quantify systematically. In particular, in winter reindeer may largely subsist on slow-growing ground lichens. They grow in habitats with little snow cover and extensive soil frost, and dry lichen may be particularly susceptible to trampling, generating a likely substantial forage loss.
关键词：Biology; reindeer; trampling;grazing; trampling; reindeer; lichen; forage loss