文章基本信息

标题：â€œI am uncertainâ€ vs â€œIt is uncertainâ€. How linguistic markers of the uncertainty source affect uncertainty communication
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作者：Juanchich, Marie ; Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, AmÃ©lie ; Sirota, Miroslav 等
期刊名称：Judgment and Decision Making
印刷版ISSN：1930-2975
出版年度：2017
卷号：12
期号：5
页码：445-465
出版社：Society for Judgment and Decision Making
摘要：Two psychological sources of uncertainty bear implications for judgment and decision-making: external uncertainty is seen as stemming from properties of the world, whereas internal uncertainty is seen as stemming from lack of knowledge. The apparent source of uncertainty can be conveyed through linguistic markers, such as the pronoun of probability phrases (e.g., I am uncertain vs. It is uncertain). Here, we investigated whether and when speakers use different pronoun subjects as such linguistic markers (Exp. 1 and 2) and what hearers infer from them (Exp. 3 and 4). Speakers more often described higher probabilities and knowable outcomes with internal probability phrases. In dialogue, speakers mirrored the source of their conversational partner. Markers of the source had a main effect or interacted with the probability conveyed and speaker expertise to shape the judgments and decisions of hearers. For example, experts voicing an internal probability phrase were judged as more knowledgeable than experts using an external probability phrase whereas the result was the opposite for lay speakers. We discuss how these findings inform our understanding of subjective uncertainty and uncertainty communication theories.
关键词：uncertainty communication; source of uncertainty; subject pronoun; pragmatics