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标题：Adaptation to flood risk: Results of international paired flood event studies
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作者：Heidi Kreibich ; Giuliano Di Baldassarre ; Sergiy Vorogushyn 等
期刊名称：Earth's Future
电子版ISSN：2328-4277
出版年度：2017
卷号：5
期号：10
页码：953-965
DOI：10.1002/2017EF000606
语种：English
出版社：John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
摘要：As flood impacts are increasing in large parts of the world, understanding the primary drivers of changes in risk is essential for effective adaptation. To gain more knowledge on the basis of empirical case studies, we analyze eight paired floods, that is, consecutive flood events that occurred in the same region, with the second flood causing significantly lower damage. These success stories of risk reduction were selected across different socioeconomic and hydro‐climatic contexts. The potential of societies to adapt is uncovered by describing triggered societal changes, as well as formal measures and spontaneous processes that reduced flood risk. This novel approach has the potential to build the basis for an international data collection and analysis effort to better understand and attribute changes in risk due to hydrological extremes in the framework of the IAHSs Panta Rhei initiative. Across all case studies, we find that lower damage caused by the second event was mainly due to significant reductions in vulnerability, for example, via raised risk awareness, preparedness, and improvements of organizational emergency management. Thus, vulnerability reduction plays an essential role for successful adaptation. Our work shows that there is a high potential to adapt, but there remains the challenge to stimulate measures that reduce vulnerability and risk in periods in which extreme events do not occur.
关键词：flooding;vulnerability;global environmental change;adaptation