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  • 标题:Serine racemase: A glial enzyme synthesizing d-serine to regulate glutamate-N-methyl-d-aspartate neurotransmission
  • 本地全文:下载
  • 作者:Herman Wolosker ; Seth Blackshaw ; Solomon H. Snyder
  • 期刊名称:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
  • 印刷版ISSN:0027-8424
  • 电子版ISSN:1091-6490
  • 出版年度:1999
  • 卷号:96
  • 期号:23
  • 页码:13409-13414
  • DOI:10.1073/pnas.96.23.13409
  • 语种:English
  • 出版社:The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
  • 摘要:Although D amino acids are prominent in bacteria, they generally are thought not to occur in mammals. Recently, high levels of D-serine have been found in mammalian brain where it activates glutamate/N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors by interacting with the "glycine site" of the receptor. Because amino acid racemases are thought to be restricted to bacteria and insects, the origin of D-serine in mammals has been puzzling. We now report cloning and expression of serine racemase, an enzyme catalyzing the formation of D-serine from L-serine. Serine racemase is a protein representing an additional family of pyridoxal-5' phosphate-dependent enzymes in eukaryotes. The enzyme is enriched in rat brain where it occurs in glial cells that possess high levels of D-serine in vivo. Occurrence of serine racemase in the brain demonstrates the conservation of D-amino acid metabolism in mammals with implications for the regulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate neurotransmission through glia-neuronal interactions.
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