文章基本信息

标题：Microbial decomposition of organic matter in the river water
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作者：Taro YOSHIKURA ; Saiichi IIDA
期刊名称：生活衛生
印刷版ISSN：0582-4176
电子版ISSN：1883-6631
出版年度：1985
卷号：29
期号：1
页码：22-31
DOI：10.11468/seikatsueisei1957.29.22
出版社：Osaka Urban Living and Health Association
摘要：Besides measuring number and biomass of heterotrophic bacteria in the water environments, the determination of the activity of these organisms is of high priority in studying the microbial decomposition of organic matter in the river and estuarine waters. It is necessary to perform direct measurements of activity itself as close as possible to natural one. The low density and hence low activity of natural microbial populations require extremely sensitive methods. The most widely used techniquses for the assesment of micrbial activity is to apply ¹⁴C-labeled organic compound to freshly obtained samples of natural waters. This radioisotope technique, using ¹⁴C-glucose and based on the Lineweaver-Burk variation of Michaelis-Menten enzyme kinetics equations, was employed to measure in situ bacterial activity over an annual period in the river and estuarine waters of Osaka City. This technique has made it possible to 1) estimate rate of removal of organic compounds by natural bacterial populations, 2) to compare these uptake parameters in various aquatic ecosystems as an estimate of heterotrophic activity, and 3) to investigate annual cycles of organic compounds. There were seasonal variations in the maximum uptake velocity and turnover time correlated with the changes of the water temperature. These results and kinetic parameters obtained were compared and discussed with special reference to the effect of the eutrophication or organic pollutions on bacterial commumities in aquatic environments.