文章基本信息

标题：Estimation of Background Exposure to Toluene Using a Physiologically-Based Kinetic Model
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作者：Crispin H. PIERCE ; Russell L. DILLS ; Thomas A. LEWANDOWSKI 等
期刊名称：Journal of Occupational Health
印刷版ISSN：1341-9145
电子版ISSN：1348-9585
出版年度：1997
卷号：39
期号：2
页码：130-137
DOI：10.1539/joh.39.130
出版社：Japan Society for Occupational Health
摘要：Estimation of Background Exposure to Toluene Using a Physiologically-Based Kinetic Model: Crispin H. PIERCE, et al. Department of Environmental Health, University of Washington —Estimation of environmental exposure to toxicants has generally been limited to concentration measurements in air, water, and foods. Measurement of background levels of toxicants in biological tissues for this purpose has been limited by analytical detection. After developing a sensitive headspace GC-MS method, we conducted 33 controlled human exposures of 50 ppm ¹H₈ toluene and 50 ppm ²H₈ toluene for 2 h, and measured concentrations in blood and breath for 100 h post-exposure. Blood and breath samples from a separate cohort of 9 men exposed to ²H₈ toluene only were also measured for background ¹H₈-toluene levels. A physiologically-based kinetic (PBK) model, previously constructed and validated in an analysis of the ²H₈ toluene data, was used to predict the level of ambient ¹H₈-toluene exposure that produced the observed breath levels. The model-derived estimate of mean background ¹H₈-toluene exposure was 47 ± 44 ppb (mean ± s.d.), which is consistent with indoor air measurements from this and previous studies of 3-27 ppb and outdoor measurements of 2-43 ppb. According to the PBK model, background exposure was expected to produce an average blood concentration of 5.9 nmol/l, which was within a measured range of 3-16 nmol/l, and a corresponding alveolar air concentration of 310 nmol/m³, within a range of 138-764 nmol/m³. This work extends the use of physiologic modeling to back-predict environmental dose, and found that significant differences in inter-individual ¹H₈ toluene background exposures exist. ( J Occup Health 1997; 39: 130-137 )
关键词：Toluene;Toxicokinetics;PBPK;Model;Isotope