文章基本信息

标题：An improved approach to report creatinine-corrected analyte concentrations in urine
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作者：Ram B. Jain ; Lian Pin Koh ; Reviewing Editor 等
期刊名称：Cogent Environmental Science
电子版ISSN：2331-1843
出版年度：2016
卷号：2
期号：1
页码：1259880
DOI：10.1080/23311843.2016.1259880
语种：English
出版社：Taylor and Francis Ltd
摘要：Abstract Traditionally, urinary analyte concentrations (UAC_Obs) are divided by the observed urine creatinine (UCR_Obs) concentrations to allow for hydration correction. However, this method ignores the variability in the levels of urine creatinine due to such factors as age, gender, race/ethnicity, and others. Consequently, a method to develop a correction factor that incorporates adjustment due to most, if not all the factors that may affect urine creatinine concentrations was developed. This correction factor is applied to UCR_Obs to determine UCR_Corr, which can then be used in place of UCR_Obs to compute modified creatinine-corrected analyte concentration as UAC_Obs/UCR_Corr instead of UAC_Obs/UCR_Obs. For this study, data for urine creatinine from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for 2007–2010 were used to develop this correction factor to account for variability in urine creatinine due to age, race/ethnicity, gender, and body mass index. For each participant, correction factor β and its standard error for each of the 64 categories of age-race/ethnicity-gender were computed. In order to compute creatinine-corrected analyte concentration, observed analyte concentration was divided by the corrected value of observed urine creatinine whereas the corrected value of urine creatinine was the observed value minus the correction factor. Correction factor for each participant was a random number drawn from the normal distribution with mean β and standard deviation SE. The proposed methodology was applied to the 2009–2010 NHANES data for urinary 3-phenoxybenzoic acid, for 2013–2014 NHANES data for urinary cadmium and lead, and NHANES 2011–2012 data for urinary perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate.
关键词：urine creatinine ; 3-phenoxybenzoic acid ; perchlorate ; nitrate ; thiocyanate ; cadmium ; lead