文章基本信息

标题：América Latina na História Global: uma visão historiográfica
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作者：Diego Olstein
期刊名称：Revista Estudos Históricos
电子版ISSN：2178-1494
出版年度：2017
卷号：30
期号：60
页码：253-272
语种：English
出版社：Centro de Pesquisa e Documentação de História Contemporânea do Brasil
摘要：World history can be arranged into three major regional divergences: the ‘Greatest Divergence’ starting at the end of the last Ice Age (ca. 15,000 years ago) and isolating the Old and the New Worlds from one another till 1500; the ‘Great Divergence’ bifurcating the paths of Europe and Afro-Asia since 1500; and the ‘American Divergence’ which divided the fortunes of New World societies from 1500 onwards. Accordingly, all world regions have confronted two divergences: one disassociating the fates of the Old and New Worlds, and the other within either the Old or the New World. Latin America is in the uneasy position that in both divergences it ended up on the ‘losing side.’ As a result, a contentious historiography of Latin America evolved from the very moment that it was incorporated into the wider world. Three basic attitudes toward the place of Latin America in global history have since emerged and developed: admiration for the major impact that the emergence on Latin America on the world scene imprinted on global history; hostility and disdain over Latin America since it entered the world scene; direct rejection of and head on confrontation in reaction the former. This paper examines each of these three attitudes in five periods: the ‘long sixteenth century’ (1492-1650); the ‘age of crisis’ (1650-1780); ‘the long nineteenth century’ (1780-1914); ‘the short twentieth century’ (1914-1991); and ‘contemporary globalization’ (1991 onwards).
关键词：Global History, Latin America, historiography, Great Divergence, globalization.;Historia Global, América Latina, historiografía, Gran Divergencia, globalización.;História Global, América Latina, historiografia, Grande Divergência, globalização.