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标题：Structural complex of sterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51) with 14α-methylenecyclopropyl-Δ7-24, 25-dihydrolanosterol
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作者：Tatiana Y. Hargrove ; Zdzislaw Wawrzak ; Jialin Liu 等
期刊名称：JLR Papers In Press
印刷版ISSN：0022-2275
电子版ISSN：1539-7262
出版年度：2012
卷号：53
期号：2
页码：311-320
DOI：10.1194/jlr.M021865
语种：English
出版社：American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
摘要：Sterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51) that catalyzes the removal of the 14α-methyl group from the sterol nucleus is an essential enzyme in sterol biosynthesis, a primary target for clinical and agricultural antifungal azoles and an emerging target for antitrypanosomal chemotherapy. Here, we present the crystal structure of Trypanosoma ( T ) brucei CYP51 in complex with the substrate analog 14α-methylenecyclopropyl-Δ7-24,25-dihydrolanosterol (MCP). This sterol binds tightly to all protozoan CYP51s and acts as a competitive inhibitor of F105-containing (plant-like) T. brucei and Leishmania ( L ) infantum orthologs, but it has a much stronger, mechanism-based inhibitory effect on I105-containing (animal/fungi-like) T. cruzi CYP51. Depicting substrate orientation in the conserved CYP51 binding cavity, the complex specifies the roles of the contact amino acid residues and sheds new light on CYP51 substrate specificity. It also provides an explanation for the effect of MCP on T . cruzi CYP51. Comparison with the ligand-free and azole-bound structures supports the notion of structural rigidity as the characteristic feature of the CYP51 substrate binding cavity, confirming the enzyme as an excellent candidate for structure-directed design of new drugs, including mechanism-based substrate analog inhibitors.
关键词：sterol biosynthesis ; sterol biosynthetic enzymes ; inhibition ; suicide substrates ; crystal structure ; cytochrome P450 ; Trypanosoma brucei ; Trypanosoma cruzi