出版社：Japan Society of Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences
摘要：1. Review of the Evaluation Methods of Nutrition Status. In Japan, the annual physical examination is required for boys and girls in all school levels in April. The evaluation of nutrition status of the individual is the one of the items required in the physical examination. The criterion follows; the nutrition status is examined with the items of skin colour, skinfold fat, degree of development of muscles and bones, and its purpose is to screen out those whose nutrition status are no good, and who must be taken care for from a nutritive point of view. However, this criterion is very uncertain to apply to the actual diagnosis, because it is often subject to the physician's own judgment. Pirquet classified the physical components of body into four elements; blood (sanguis),fat (crassitudo), water (turgar), and muscle (muscularis), and proposed to synthesize the investigations on these four elements to evaluate the nutrition status of the individuals. Martin attempted to evaluate it with the costal appearance. His method is based on the fact that the skinfold fat and muscled of chest are so developed as when the nutrition status is good, the costal bones are not so clearly appeared on the chest. The method of skin colour is to evaluate the nutrition status with the blood colour that can be seen through the skin. Dr.Konishi stated that the blood colour in the mucous membrane of lips highly correlates with the density of hemoglobin in blood. That is, anemia relates with the lack of iron, protein and vitamine B complex, and kertosis pilaris suggests the lack of vitamine A. The skinfold fat thickness has been also utilized for this purpose. The physical symptoms caused by the lack of nutrition are also important items for evaluation of nutritional status.
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