Activity and participation after stroke can be increased by neurorehabilitation of upper extremity. As the technology advances, a robot-assisted restorative therapy with/without a brain-machine interface (BMI) is suggested as a promising therapeutic option. Understanding the therapeutic point of view about robots and BMIs can be linked to the patient-oriented usability of the devices. The therapeutic turning point concept of robot-assisted rehabilitation with BMIs, basics of robotics for stroke and upper extremity weakness and consequent neuroplasticity/motor recovery are reviewed.