摘要:This article aims to emphasize the importance of the role of early childhood education teachers, highlighting the need to struggle for their professional and social recognition. Based on literature, the text uses historical-cultural psychology as its theoretical frame of reference, since the latter makes it possible to discuss the role of teachers as mediators of knowledge and the objective social conditions in which this mediation becomes possible. Furthermore, it intends to show the need for a specifi c training for professionals who work in this area. Being a teacher requires a human education, which comprehends technical, scientifi c, ethical, political and philosophical knowledge. Thus, the image teachers have of their profession may infl uence the construction of their identity as persons whose professional activity is relevant for life in society. Towards the end, the article discusses the role of early childhood education schools as institutions that are essential for the mediation of culture, scientifi c knowledge, art and the possibility of humanizing individuals. Key words: historical-cultural psychology, early Childhood Education, teachers’ identity, teacher education.