文章基本信息

标题：Redefining shared sanitation
本地全文：下载
作者：Thilde Rheinländer ; Flemming Konradsen ; Bernard Keraita 等
期刊名称：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
印刷版ISSN：0042-9686
出版年度：2015
卷号：93
期号：7
页码：509-510
DOI：10.2471/BLT.14.144980
出版社：World Health Organisation
摘要：As the Millennium Development Goals reach their deadline, it is clear that the world is not on track to achieve global sanitation targets. With sanitation trends, global developments and local contexts in mind, it is time to adopt a more flexible approach to achieving universal functional sanitation. By functional sanitation, we mean toilet facilities that protect human health by preventing contamination of the envi- ronment with human faecal waste. According to the latest estimates from the World Health Organization/ United Nations Children's Fund Joint Monitoring Programme for water and sanitation (JMP), 2.5 billion people worldwide do not have access to any type of improved sanitation. To meet the JMP definition of improved sanita- tion, toilets must be used by only one household, as well as meeting certain design standards that prevent human contact with faeces. Of this 2.5 billion, 732 million use a facility that does not meet minimum hygiene standards and one billion people practise open def- ecation (i.e. defecation without using a toilet facility). 1 The remaining group of 784 million people depend on public or other types of shared sanitation facili- ties as their only sanitation choice. JMP defines shared sanitation as "sanitation of an otherwise acceptable type shared between two or more households."