文章基本信息

标题：Setting health research priorities using the CHNRI method: V. Quantitative properties of human collective knowledge
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作者：Igor Rudan ; Sachiyo Yoshida ; Kerri Wazny 等
期刊名称：EdA Esempi di Architettura
电子版ISSN：2035-7982
出版年度：2016
卷号：6
期号：1
页码：1-10
DOI：10.7189/jogh.06.010502
出版社：EdA
摘要：Introduction The CHNRI method for setting health research priorities has crowdsourcing as the major component. It uses the collective opinion of a group of experts to generate, assess and prioritize between many competing health research ideas. It is difficult to compare the accuracy of human individ- ual and collective opinions in predicting uncertain future outcomes before the outcomes are known. However, this limitation does not apply to existing knowledge, which is an important component underlying opinion. In this pa- per, we report several experiments to explore the quantitative properties of hu- man collective knowledge and discuss their relevance to the CHNRI method. Methods We conducted a series of experiments in groups of about 160 (range: 122–175) undergraduate Year 2 medical students to compare their collective knowledge to their individual knowledge. We asked them to answer 10 ques- tions on each of the following: (i) an area in which they have a degree of exper- tise (undergraduate Year 1 medical curriculum); (ii) an area in which they like- ly have some knowledge (general knowledge); and (iii) an area in which they are not expected to have any knowledge (astronomy). We also presented them with 20 pairs of well–known celebrities and asked them to identify the older person of the pair. In all these experiments our goal was to examine how the collective answer compares to the distribution of students' individual answers.