文章基本信息

标题：Variability and practice load in motor learning. [Variabilidad y carga de práctica en el aprendizaje motor].
本地全文：下载
作者：Francisco Javier Moreno ; Eva M. Ordoño
期刊名称：RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte. doi:10.5232/ricyde
印刷版ISSN：1885-3137
出版年度：2014
卷号：11
期号：39
页码：62-78
语种：English
出版社：Ramón Cantó Alcaraz (Publisher)
摘要：Previous studies have pointed out the convenience of taking the characteristics of the skill to be learned and the intrinsic characteristics of the learners into account when designing practice tasks. Nevertheless, few studies have manipulated the amount of variable practice. The ability to adapt, as an inherent feature of biological systems, can be an adequate framework to explain and predict motor learning processes. This paper is based on adaption processes explained under the theory of allostasis and the general adaption syndrome and shares the background of the Dynamic Systems Theory, to propose the concept of practice load as a useful tool to quantify variability of practice in motor learning. From this standpoint, the conditions of variable practice are reviewed to be a stimulus in an adequate magnitude and direction to take the learner to a higher level of performance and hence to optimize motor learning. Resumen Muchos autores han recomendado la conveniencia de ajustar los niveles de práctica variable teniendo en cuenta las características de la tarea y la variabilidad intrínseca que muestra el aprendiz en la ejecución de la habilidad. Sin embargo, no son numerosos los trabajos que han manipulado varios niveles de cantidad de variabilidad al practicar. La capacidad de adaptación, como rasgo de los sistemas biológicos puede resultar un marco adecuado para afrontar esta cuestión. En este trabajo, apoyado en los procesos de adaptación explicados bajo las teorías de alostasis y el síndrome general de adaptación (GAS), y bajo presupuestos compartidos por la Teoría General de Sistemas Dinámicos, propondrá el concepto de carga de práctica como una herramienta para cuantificar la práctica en el aprendizaje motor. Bajo esta perspectiva se revisan las condiciones en las que la práctica en variabilidad debe modularse, para suponer una estimulación que facilite al aprendiz una adaptación a un nivel de rendimiento superior y con ello optimizar el aprendizaje motor. http://dx.doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2015.03905 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- References/referencias Amato, I. (1992) Chaos breaks out at NIH, but order may come of it. Science , 257, 1763-1764. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1615321 Braun, D.A.; Aertsen, A.; Wolpert, D.M., & Mehring, C. (2009). Motor task variation induces structural learning. Current Biology . 19(4), 352-357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2009.01.036 Breslin, G.; Hodges, N.J.; Steenson, A., & Williams, A.M. (2012). Constant or variable practice: Recreating the especial skill effect. Acta Psychologica . 140(2), 154-157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2012.04.002 Button, C.; Seifert, L.; O'Donovan, D., & Davids, K. 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关键词：adaptation;allostasis;training;quantification;variablilidad;alostasis;aprendizaje;cuantificación.;adaptation;allostasis;training;quantification;variablilidad;alostasis;aprendizaje;cuantificación.