Management of industrial products with all phases of development, design, operating and the products life cycle.

Niculescu, Cristina ; Avramescu, Valeriu ; Orasanu, Catalin 等

1. INTRODUCTION

Inside the international project the concerns and the effort of integrating all activities and products resulting from the activity human-society-nature began in a period apropriate to the development of information for the human society to meet its present requirements generation, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs and values.

To achieve an integrated system to link activities with the design and implementation of recycling at the end of their use will bring great benefit your company.

As it's well known, reduction of natural resources will shift the emphasis on reuse of materials from products disused. Ecological aspects of reuse of materials will yield tremendous results in terms of environmental protection and pollution reduction. Such problems concern at the highest level of organizations and institutions that work globally on the entire planet.

Among other things they began in 1972 with The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held at Stockhlom. It was the first event on the global scale. On the same agenda of ONU, sessions were recorded and discussed due to both the problem economic and related to the negative impact of uncontrolled industrial development on environment and on health viejuitori in this environment, on equity and that a fundamental principle of sustainable development both in the short term and long term between generations.

ONU conference in Stockholm in 1972 drew world attention on environmental issues, in the aspects of irreparable environmental degradation and the "border pollution".

This concept is most important because it clearly pointed out that pollution knows no geographical borders policy, but affects countries, regions outside the whole point of origin of it. Recognizing the global environmental issues, World Commission on Environment and Development--CMMD--WCED was created (the Brundtland Commission), which has proposed reassessment state of environment in the context of the unprecedented development of civilization human on Earth.

Romania's Integration in the european economic area involves procedures of management similar to those European assess the impact on industrial activities on environment and health of population.

The overall objective of industrial policy aims at strengthening the competitiveness of Romanian industry achieved mainly by: growing and strengthening a healthy business environment and open based on a coherent and stable legal, deepening and acceleration structural adjustments on promoting investment in human capital, R & D and innovation, quality, standardization, etc.. to stimulate SME development, industrial development and business--and provisions applying concepts of sustainable development.

2. DELIMITATIONS AND BACKGROUND

Implementating Romanian industrial policy must be coordinated by Interministerial Group constituted for this purpose by the Government Decision 660/2001 and in accordance with Plan implementation and actions developed for this purpose.

The purpose of design environment (ecodesign and environmental) in the context of sustainable design (fig. no. 1) is to minimize the impact ( effects negative, damage) products and processes on the environment throughout the life cycle simultaneously with maximizing profit, performance and quality .

Sustainable design requires corelattion and efficient management of all aspects of functional, economic and environmental global network of social and ethical implications.

[FIGURE 1 OMITTED]

The transposition of the European legislation in the area of waste handling was made according to the OUG no. 78/2000 regarding the waste issue, modified and approved by Law 426/2000 and by National Strategy of Waste Handling. (OUG no. 78/2000 regarding the regimen of waste published in M.O. of Romania).It has as purpose to create a general and integrated environment regarding the waste handling both from ecological and economical point of view. The National Strategy was elaborated for 2003 - 2013, being revised periodically according with the technical progress and with the needs for environment protection and healthy interests of the population (Law no. 137/29.12.1995 regarding the environment protection).

3. MANAGEMENT CONCEPT

The management concept is referring to the industrial products life cycle and is based on the metaphor which say that "the product is like a person who born, develops, gets older and in the end dies". The practical utility of the life cycle concept is that the huge majority of the products have a limited life a time that is going shorter due to the technical progress and due to some economical phenomenon and processes being ponderable for different stages of these products life cycle. The analyses of this life cycle is an instrument which allows the evaluation of the impact upon environment and upon population healthy with various activities associated to an industrial product or process starting with the stage of extracting the needed raw material up to the elimination of the waste.

The life cycle analyses has more stage like:

* Objectives definition;

* balance--material--energy;

* impact analyses:

** classification of the impact factors

** the analyses of these impact factors effects

** the influence of these factors upon environment and population health

* comparative evaluation and results interpretation;

4. LIFE CYCLE ANALYSES

The analyses of this life cycle is an instrument which allows the evaluation of the impact upon environment and population health in relation to various activities associated to a product or a industrial process starting with the raw material extracting phase needed and up to the elimination of the waste. The present international situation in the area of machine tools construction is characterized by a growing competition between the important manufacturers. To assure the product competitively, the manufactures look for solution to lower the cost, in the same time with the increasing of the manufactured products reliability and with the increasing of the installed power and cutting speed. This thing is possible, on one hand by increasing the automation and on the other hand by constructive shapes rationalization, by using new materials which meet the demands and the existing resources. The traditional materials used under different shapes inmachine building--cast iron and steel or alloys--were a long time studied, so as nowadays are known all there characteristics and properties, advantages and disadvantages that these have. (Buzdugan, 1970). The material from the second generation, like the new materials were named, was assimilated by almost all high industries, in all countries with a powerful industry. In the area of machine-tools the use of these materials is under development in countries like Japan, United Kingdom or Germany (Otoiu, 2002). We can say that nowadays, that already upon all parts of a machine, the researchers stopped and tried to replace the old materials with new ones. Microelectronic installed everywhere, bringing with itself lots of changes. The quality and profitableness increase of the technological processes can be done only by cybernetic, by application of CAD (Computer Aided Design) techniques and CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing). The work organization as well as the work demands has fundamentally changed. All these made the informational society, for which evolution we can very hard find future marks (Constantinescu et al., 1984).

5. CONCLUSIONS

The use of data electronic processing at the enterprise level, has as base the direction given by the use of these new technologies for the purpose of the acceleration the material flow, for the purpose of shorting the command execution times, to lower the storage and to eliminate the non-productive times. This new vision supposed the integrated enterprise and computer controlled enterprise. The technology based on the computer hierarchical system which work base on a detailed model, adapted to all component stages of the production process. These computerized enterprises aren't at this moment a way of industrial manufacturing. There are a lot of technical, economical and social conflicts, and the groups that are asking important questions about the future of this production type has just started.

6. REFERENCES

Buzdugan, Gh., (1970), Material strength, Technical publishing house, Bucharest, 1970

Constantinescu, I., Munteanu, M. & Golumbovici, D., (1984), Calculation of equipment and machine structure resistance, Technical publishing house, Bucharest, 1984

Otoiu, A., (2002), City industrial architecture from physical geometry to architectural value, Univ. "Ion Mincu" publishing house, Bucharest, 2002 The environment legislation

*** (2005) Romanian Government--OUG no. 152, no. 10 regarding the prevention and integrated control of pollution published in M.O. no. 1078/30.11.2005 with 6 annexes.

*** (2002) Romanian Parliament--OUG no. 34 regarding the prevention, reduction and integrated control of pollution published in M.O. no. 223/3.04.2002

*** (1995) Law no. 137 regarding the environment protection, published in 2000--M.O. no. 70/17.02.2000 modified and completed by the Law no. 294/27.06.2003 regarding the approval OUG no. 91/27.06.2003 for modification and completed the environment protection Law no. 137/1995 M.O. no. 505/14.07.2003

***(2000) OUG no. 78 regarding the regimen of waste published in M.O. of Romania, First Part, no. 283 from 22 June 2000, adopted with completion and ulterior modifications with the Law no. 426 from 18 July 2001 for the approval of OUG no. 78/2000 published in M.O.no. 411/25 July 2001

*** (1995) OUG no. 33 regarding the collection, recycling and reused of the any king of waste