文章基本信息

标题：Noticing and reasoning of teaching and learning components by pre-service teachers
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作者：Stefanie Schäfer ; Tina Seidel
期刊名称：Journal for Educational Research Online
电子版ISSN：1866-6671
出版年度：2015
卷号：7
期号：2
页码：34-58
语种：English
出版社：Waxmann Verlag GmbH
摘要：Professionelle Unterrichtswahrnehmung in Bezug auf allgemein didaktische Merkmale des Unterrichtens stellt eine zentrale Voraussetzung für Handlungskompetenzen von Lehrpersonen dar. Damit wird beschrieben, ob Lehrpersonen ihr professionelles pädagogisch-psychologisches Wissen über Lehren und Lernen nutzen, wenn sie Ereignisse im Unterricht identifizieren (Noticing) und interpretieren (Reasoning). Noticing und Reasoning werden als eine Fähigkeit betrachtet. Bis heute fehlen Studien, die das Zusammenspiel zwischen den beiden Fähigkeiten in Bezug auf die Anwendung in authentischen Klassensituationen untersuchen. Deshalb haben wir bei Lehramtsstudierenden (N = 109) anhand eines speziell ausgewählten Videoclips deren Fähigkeiten für Professionelle Unterrichtswahrnehmung untersucht. In Bezug auf den Videoclip bestanden umfangreiche Informationen zu allgemein didaktischen Aspekten des Lehrens und Lernens, die Experten identifizierten und interpretierten. Als methodischer Ansatz wurden offene Fragen zum Videoclip und qualitative Analysen genutzt. Diesen Ansatz validierten wir über einen Vergleich mit einem zweiten, quantitativen Instrument. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Lehramtsstudierende bereits eine Reihe relevanter Ereignisse identifizieren, die repräsentativ für Lehr-Lern-Komponenten sind. Allerdings haben sie Schwierigkeiten, zu Erklärungen bzw. Vorhersagen zu kommen, die denen von Experten entsprechen. Die Validierung zeigt positive Zusammenhänge zwischenbeiden methodischen Ansätzen. Die Studie stellt damit Wissen zur Bedeutung des Zusammenspiels zwischen den beiden Fähigkeiten des Identifizierens und des Interpretierens bereit. Darüber hinaus macht sie deutlich, dass man nicht nur die Qualität der Interpretationen beachten sollte, sondern auch ob die Inhalte der Interpretationen mit denen von Experten übereinstimmen.
其他摘要：It is important for pre-service teachers to develop professional vision – the ability to use professional knowledge to notice and reason about specific aspects of teaching and learning processes in classroom situations. Noticing and reasoning are considered to be interrelated processes; however, to date few studies have explored the interplay between them. To bridge this gap, we selected a video, on which experts in the field of teaching and learning research agreed on, that two pedagogical strategies – relevant for student learning – can be noticed and reasoned. After N = 109 pre-service teachers observed and commented on the video, we analyzed the quality of their noticing and reasoning abilities using an open question and a qualitative analysis approach which was validated by comparing the results to a second, quantitative measure of reasoning. Our results indicate that pre-service teachers intuitively noticed important classroom events representative of the two pedagogical strategies under investigation. However, they struggled when reasoning about those pedagogies and attempting to match their explanations and predictions with those of experts. The validation showed positive correlations between pre-service teachers’ reasoning as measured using the two approaches. Our study provides specific insights about the importance to consider both: the interrelation between noticing and reasoning as well as the content of reasoning and its match with expert opinions. 14.00 It is important for pre-service teachers to develop professional vision – the ability to use professional knowledge to notice and reason about specific aspects of teaching and learning processes in classroom situations. Noticing and reasoning are considered to be interrelated processes; however, to date few studies have explored the interplay between them. To bridge this gap, we selected a video, on which experts in the field of teaching and learning research agreed on, that two pedagogical strategies – relevant for student learning – can be noticed and reasoned. After N = 109 pre-service teachers observed and commented on the video, we analyzed the quality of their noticing and reasoning abilities using an open question and a qualitative analysis approach which was validated by comparing the results to a second, quantitative measure of reasoning. Our results indicate that pre-service teachers intuitively noticed important classroom events representative of the two pedagogical strategies under investigation. However, they struggled when reasoning about those pedagogies and attempting to match their explanations and predictions with those of experts. The validation showed positive correlations between pre-service teachers’ reasoning as measured using the two approaches. Our study provides specific insights about the importance to consider both: the interrelation between noticing and reasoning as well as the content of reasoning and its match with expert opinions. Normal 0 21 false false false DE X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Normale Tabelle"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
关键词：Teacher education;Teacher knowledge;Professional vision;Video;Expertise;Lehrerbildung;Lehrerwissen;Professionelle Unterrichtswahrnehmung;Video;Expertise