文章基本信息

标题：The Argument Form "Appeal to Galileo": A Critical Appreciation of Doury’s Account
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作者：Maurice A Finocchiaro
期刊名称：Informal Logic
印刷版ISSN：0824-2577
出版年度：2015
卷号：35
期号：3
页码：221-272
DOI：10.22329/il.v35i3.4306
语种：English
出版社：Informal Logic
摘要：Following a linguistic-descriptivist approach, Marianne Doury has studied debates about “parasciences” (e.g. astrology), discovering that “parascientists” frequently argue by “appeal to Galileo” (i.e., defend their views by comparing themselves to Galileo and their opponents to the Inquisition); opponents object by criticizing the analogy, charging fallacy, and appealing to counter-examples. I argue that Galilean appeals are much more widely used, by creationists, global-warming skeptics, advocates of “settled science”, great scientists, and great philosophers. Moreover, several subtypes should be distinguished; critiques questioning the analogy are proper; fallacy charges are problematic; and appeals to counter-examples are really indirect critiques of the analogy.
其他摘要：Following a linguistic-descriptivist approach, Marianne Doury has studied debates about “parasciences” (e.g. astrology), discovering that “parascientists” frequently argue by “appeal to Galileo” (i.e., defend their views by comparing themselves to Galileo and their opponents to the Inquisition); opponents object by criticizing the analogy, charging fallacy, and appealing to counter-examples. I argue that Galilean appeals are much more widely used, by creationists, global-warming skeptics, advocates of “settled science”, great scientists, and great philosophers. Moreover, several subtypes should be distinguished; critiques questioning the analogy are proper; fallacy charges are problematic; and appeals to counter-examples are really indirect critiques of the analogy.
关键词：Analogy;Appeal to Galileo;Appeal to Unpopularity;Benveniste;Marianne Doury;Einstein;Galileo;Hume;Parasciences;Precedent