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标题：Economic Evaluation and Risk Analysis of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in Cotton Production in Sindh Pakistan
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作者：Sanaullah Noonari
期刊名称：Journal of Environment and Earth Science
印刷版ISSN：2225-0948
电子版ISSN：2225-0948
出版年度：2015
卷号：5
期号：13
页码：68-87
语种：English
出版社：The International Institute for Science, Technology and Education (IISTE)
摘要：Cotton is the important cash crop of Pakistan and a major source of foreign earnings. However cotton crop is facing many problems, such as disease and pest attacks. One way to reduce losses caused by disease and pest attack is the use integrated pest management (IPM) practices. Keeping in view the importance of this technique, the present study analyzed the adoption of IPM along with estimation of risk involved in the adoption process. To estimate the cotton yield, two types of production functions (one for adopter and other for non-adopters) were estimated using the regression analysis. Then estimate of regression models was used further in risk analysis. The results of non-adopters of IPM showed that cost of urea bags, cost of nitro-phosphate bags, cost of herbicide and rainfall were -0.038, 0.00475, 0.301 and 0.164 respectively and all of these significant at 10 percent level. For non-adopters of IPM the coefficient values of seed expenditure, temperature, humidity and spray cost were 0.0035, 0.026,-.0.00093 and 0.00027 respectively. The results of IPM adopters showed that coefficient of temperature, seed expenditure, spray cost, urea cost and rainfall equal to 0.0305,0.100,0.0029,-.000213 and 0.894 respectively and significant at ten percent level. Coefficient values of cost of nitro-phosphate bags, herbicide cost, humidity were 0.00035, 0.100.-0.000671 and -0.000445 respectively.
关键词：Cotton; IPM; herbicide; evaluation; risk; Coefficient; Hyderabad.