文章基本信息

标题：Physical cryptographic verification of nuclear warheads
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作者：R. Scott Kemp ; Areg Danagoulian ; Ruaridh R. Macdonald 等
期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：2016
卷号：113
期号：31
页码：8618-8623
DOI：10.1073/pnas.1603916113
语种：English
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：How does one prove a claim about a highly sensitive object such as a nuclear weapon without revealing information about the object? This paradox has challenged nuclear arms control for more than five decades. We present a mechanism in the form of an interactive proof system that can validate the structure and composition of an object, such as a nuclear warhead, to arbitrary precision without revealing either its structure or composition. We introduce a tomographic method that simultaneously resolves both the geometric and isotopic makeup of an object. We also introduce a method of protecting information using a provably secure cryptographic hash that does not rely on electronics or software. These techniques, when combined with a suitable protocol, constitute an interactive proof system that could reject hoax items and clear authentic warheads with excellent sensitivity in reasonably short measurement times.
关键词：isotopic tomography ; nuclear weapons ; disarmament ; verification