To avoid untoward reactions from blood transfusions and to make the best use the limited supply of blood, anesthesiologists must seek the most logical indications for blood transfusion. The study was carried out on 973 patients who received blood transfusion during anesthesia among a total of 3510 operative cases, from January to December 1980. The results obtained were as follows: 1) In the age distribution of the 973 cases who received transfusion 599(61.6%) case were in the 3rd, 4th and 5th decade. 2) Among the 973 cases, the department of orthopedic surgery had 274 cases(23.2%) general surgery 211 cases(21.7%) and neurosurgery 162 cases(16.6%). 3) For the preperative hemoglobin level, 641 cases(65.9%) were within the 10~15 gm/dl range and 273 cases(23.4%) had 5~10gm/dl. 4) In the total of 2684 units of transfused whole blood, 1138 units(42.4%) were in elective and emergency surgery of the abdomen. *Unit (Whole blood 320ml, ACD solution 80ml). 5) The amount of transfused whole blood for elective and emergency surgery was 1596 units(59.5%) and 1088 units(40.5%) respectively. 6) Of the 47,480 units from the Blood Bank of Pusan Red Cross, 9435 units(19.9%) were supplied to BNU hospital and 2684 units(5.7%) were used during anesthesia in the surgical theater. 7) In the total of 2931 units of whole blood 247 units were not used in the operative theater. 8) In the comparison of the number of transfused units of blood, one unit of whole blood was given to 266 cases(27.3%), 2~5 units for 536 cases(55.1%), 6~10 units in 75 cases(7.7%), and more than 11 units were given in 19 cases(2.0%), 77 cases(7.9%) were not transfused during anesthesia. 9) In the total of 896 recipients, urticaria occurred in 78 cases(8.7%).