文章基本信息

标题：Integration of Raw Gps Measurements into a Bundle Adjustment
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作者：C. Ellum
期刊名称：ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
印刷版ISSN：2194-9042
电子版ISSN：2194-9050
出版年度：2004
卷号：XXXV Part B4
页码：933-938
出版社：Copernicus Publications
摘要：GPS data is typically included in photogrammetric adjustments as externally processed position observations. This im- plementation has obvious benefits in its simplicity; however, a more fundamental fusion of the G PS data into the bundle adjustment is possible. In this paper, an investigation is made into the inclusion of G PS pseudoranges directly into a photo- grammetric bundle adjustment. The advantages of the technique include improved accuracy and reliability, and the ability to use G PS data when less than four satellites are available. Notes are made regarding pseudorange errors and their miti- gation using atmospheric models, linear-combinations, and precise orbits and clock corrections. Using the new technique, tests are performed with aerial G PS /photogrammetric data that demonstrate that the method provides accuracies that are superior to those obtained when exposure station position observations are used in the adjustment. The paper concludes with some notes regarding the design and implementation of the combined GPS /photogrammetric adjustment, with an eye towards maintainability, extensibility, and performance. The hierarchical structure of the program is described, and the benefits of an object-oriented design using inheritance and polymorphism are outlined
关键词：Photogrammetry; Mapping; Bundle Adjustment;GPSIntegration; Software