文章基本信息

标题：The nature of prisms: exploring data quality and vagueness in dynamic spatio-temporal constructs
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作者：P. Forer ; O. Huisman ; C. McDowall 等
期刊名称：ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
印刷版ISSN：2194-9042
电子版ISSN：2194-9050
出版年度：2007
卷号：XXXVI-2/C43
出版社：Copernicus Publications
摘要：Hagerstrand's minimalist representation of individual lives and opportunities as lifelines and prisms predates the technologies available to current GIScience but resonates with many emerging spatio-temporal data model describing human activity in space and time. It also offer strong synergies with the various approaches that use data sets representing the tracks of individuals in order to explore patterns in their movements and associated activities. Almost inevitably such tracking data sets utilise (x,y,t) and activity data (representing lifelines) which are sampled over time and space and are eventually embedded for analysis within a digital geospatial environment. There are clear issues of error in both the data defining the environment used for analysis and that defining the movement as sampled (x,y,t) points, and consequently specific properties of the interaction emerge which would be of interest to us. While the lifeline is one of a number of attempts to represent human (or any object's) presence in space-time the concept of the prism focuses more on interpolating where an object could be, or might be, when it is between two known points. This idea of prism is a derivative spatio-temporal construct which has a further dimension of vagueness and uncertainty attached to it. Such properties require both identification and representation. This paper explores two issues. The first is the nature of uncertainty and error in an actual or interpolated lifeline data models related to typical kinds of analysis of movement and activity within a digital representation of its embedding geography. The second examines the nature of any prism of opportunity that is inferred from partial lifeline data and then deployed in accessibility studies. Specifically it discusses how issues of spatio-temporal uncertainty in the derivation of prisms can be calculated, represented and analysed using the rod-field model proposed by McDowall. It contends that the personal prism is a legitimate and valuable construct within GI Science, but that allowing prisms to acquire appropriate qualities of continuity and vagueness is an important aspect of delivering information which is appropriately described as to nature and quality
关键词：Space-time data models; lifelines; vagueness; uncertainty; space-time prism; rod-field model