文章基本信息

标题：Potosi Mining Development and the Cause of Culture Collapse in Bolivia
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作者：Susumu Ogawa ; Hiroyuki Kobayashi
期刊名称：ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
印刷版ISSN：2194-9042
电子版ISSN：2194-9050
出版年度：2008
卷号：XXXVII-B8
页码：143-146
出版社：Copernicus Publications
摘要：Potosi mine in Bolivia was the largest one of silver, where mercury amalgam method was used in 16 th to 18 th century. The total amount of used mercury was estimated at 7500 tons, which is 12 times as much as in Minamata, Japan. First, the atmospheric diffusion of mercury at Potosi was calculated with the atmospheric dispersion model. The fall mercury distributed in the normal distribution over a radius of 100 km. From this result, 75% of the total mercury might distribute for the watershed of Rio Paraguay, 20% for the Amazonia, and 5% for the Uyuni lake. High concentration areas distributed more than 100km from Potosi. Finally, the total victims were estimated at about 24 thousand in the watersheds, which corresponds a few % of the total population in the Mojos Plane. In the pre-Inka period, many mines were dug and the heavy metals and sulfide discharged into the rivers. Probably, these mining activities might cause the culture collapse before the contact period in the same way
关键词：Archaeology; Cultural Heritage; DEM; Environment; GIS; Pollution; Simulation