文章基本信息

标题：Open Ended Questions: A Comparison of Mothers’ and Fathers’ Language Use during Play Time
本地全文：下载
作者：Hamide Çakır
期刊名称：Creative Education
印刷版ISSN：2151-4755
电子版ISSN：2151-4771
出版年度：2016
卷号：07
期号：04
页码：574-585
DOI：10.4236/ce.2016.74060
语种：English
出版社：Scientific Research Publishing
摘要：Parent level of education makes important contributions to the linguistic development of children (Hoff, 2003). This cross-sectional study focuses on the link between family socioeconomic status (SES) and child-directed speech and aims to investigate how parents’ levels of education influence their language use in terms of their question types. Asking children good questions is a critical tool for developing their skills. In particular, open ended questions are believed to be useful for developing children’s cognitive skills, as these questions encourage children express and elaborate upon their thinking, and to provide rationales for their thoughts (Lee, Kinzie, & Whittaker, 2012). They usually involve reasoning and judgment (Hargreaves, 1984). In addition to these, open ended questions are found to offer linguistic advantages for children. They help develop children’s vocabulary. Since children are expected to think at higher levels when they enter school, open ended questions are important tools in engaging children in cognitively challenging conversations and promoting higher-order thinking in the preschool period. Within this context, this study is an attempt to explore how parents from different socioeconomic backgrounds guide their preschoolers with regard to their question types. Families differing in socioeconomic status were audio- taped in their homes for about 20 minutes while they were playing with their 5-year-old children. Results demonstrated that high SES parents asked more open ended questions and spoke to their children much more than low SES parents. These findings suggest that children of high SES families are introduced with higher-order thinking before school by their parents. Thus, high SES children who start school with better language skills are able to develop better literacy skills.
关键词：Maternal Language Use;Paternal Language Use;Open Ended Questions;Child-Directed Speech