文章基本信息

标题：Urban Floods in Lowlandsâ€”Levee Systems, Unplanned Urban Growth and River Restoration Alternative: A Case Study in Brazil
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作者：Miguez, Marcelo Gomes ; VerÃ³l, Aline Pires ; de Sousa, Matheus Martins 等
期刊名称：Sustainability
印刷版ISSN：2071-1050
出版年度：2015
卷号：7
期号：8
页码：11068-11097
出版社：MDPI, Open Access Journal
摘要：The development of cities has always had a very close relation with water. However, cities directly impact land use patterns and greatly change natural landscapes, aggravating floods. Considering this situation, this paper intends to discuss lowland occupation and city sustainability in what regards urban stormwater management, fluvial space, and river restoration, aiming at minimizing flood risks and improving natural and built environment conditions. River plains tend to be attractive places for a city to grow. From ancient times, levees have been used to protect lowland areas along major watercourses to allow their occupation. However, urban rivers demand space for temporary flood storage. From a systemic point of view, levees along extensive river reaches act as canalization works, limiting river connectivity with flood plains, rising water levels, increasing overtopping risks and transferring floods downstream. Departing from this discussion, four case studies in the IguaÃ§u-SarapuÃ River Basin, a lowland area of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, are used to compose a perspective in which the central point refers to the need of respecting watershed limits and giving space to rivers. Different aspects of low-lying city planning are discussed and analyzed concerning the integration of the built and natural environments.
关键词：urban growth; urban flood control; lowlands; levee systems; river restoration; sustainable cities