This paper focuses on the importance of historical structures in agricultural landscape related to diversity and composition of centipede (Chilopoda) communities. The research was carried out using pitfall traps at 4 localities around the Hriňová town (Central Slovakia) in 2009. In total, 413 individuals of centipedes belonging to 12 species, 4 families and 2 orders were obtained. The results showed the difference between centipede communities of differently cultivated areas. It also pointed out that diversification of management form and presence of small-scaled agricultural areas are needed in order to enhance diversity of centipede communities. Occurence of uncultivated areas between ploughlands is crucial in order to preserve species-rich centipede communities (and supposedly also other invertebrate predators) in agricultural landscape.