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标题：The detection of areas in Poland with an increased prevalence of isolated cleft lip with or without cleft palate
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作者：Barbara Więckowska ; Anna Materna-Kiryluk ; Katarzyna Wiśniewska 等
期刊名称：Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
印刷版ISSN：1232-1966
电子版ISSN：1898-2263
出版年度：2015
卷号：22
期号：1
页码：110-117
DOI：10.5604/12321966.1141379
出版社：Institute of Agricultural Medicine in Lublin
摘要：Introduction and objectives. It is difficult to identify the environmental factors which together influence the occurrenceof congenital malformations. It could be helpful to define the geographic location of the areas with an increased prevalenceof such malformations. The aim of this study is to define if there are regions in Poland where the prevalence of isolated cleftlip, with or without a cleft palate (CL±P), is increased, and to present a method for searching for such areas.Materials and methods. The analysis included the whole area of Poland monitored in 2007–2008 by the Polish Registerof Congenital Malformations (PRCM). The area was divided into 3,045 census regions. The number of children with CL±Pin those years was 514, and the size of the reference population (live births) was 802,372. Two methods were used for thedetection of clusters with an increased prevalence of isolated CL±P: the LISA analysis and Kulldorff’s scan statistic, anddescribed in detail.Results. The prevalence of isolated CL±P and the smoothed prevalence were calculated for every community. The results ofthe LISA and Kulldorff’s analyses were consistent. Both methods located the sites with an increased prevalence of isolatedCL±P. The lack of statistical significance of clusters indicated by Kulldorff’s statistic, and the significance of clusters detectedwith the use of the LISA method, indicated the existence of clusters with an only slightly increased prevalence of isolatedCL±P.Conclusions. The study shows the usefulness of the LISA and Kulldorff’s spatial analyses in epidemiological studies, includingthe etiology of congenital malformations. Because the two methods work in different ways, good results can be obtainedwhen they are used together.
关键词：cluster analysis; cleft lip and/or palate; Scan Statistics; LISA method