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标题：Sinteza genomului nou al viţei de vie – o realizare în premieră în citogenetica speciei vitis vinifera L.
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作者：Ştefan TOPALĂ ; Constantin DADU
期刊名称：Akademos: Revista de Ştiinţă, Inovare, Cultură şi Artă
印刷版ISSN：1857-0461
出版年度：2009
卷号：14
期号：3
出版社：Academy of Sciences of Moldova
摘要：The synthesis of new genome of grapevine continued for 137 years. The waking of synthesis has begun by professor A.P.Wylie (1868 - 1871) in USA. Preliminary synthesis continued for 96 years. For the fi rst time, Professor A. P. Wylie has crossed the species of Vitis vinifera L. with V. rotundifolia Michx. and created hybrids of F 1 . The author underlined that hybrids are obtained only in the case, when in quality the plant-mother are utilized Vitis vinifera L. and plant-father Vitis rotundifolia Michx. L.R. Detjen (1919) has crossed again Vitis rotundifolia Michx. with Vitis vinifera L. and other species of subgenus Euvitis and also created hybrids of F 1 . After Patel and Olmo (1955), R. T. Dunstan (1962-1964) by backcrossing N.C. - 6-16 x Black Rose has obtained DRX-55, DRX-58-5, DRX-60-24 and other. We proceeded on synthesizing new genome of vine from 1980. The methods used are backcrosses of "vegetal mule'' - DRX-55 (2n=39) with Seyve Villard, as well as, initial species, polyploidy forms and many varieties of V. vinifera. Since 1983, we have obtained 4 generation of distant hybrids at which regular meiosis and partially or completely restoration of fertility have been. Among the hybrids of F 5 , 4 artifi cial species were distinguished: Vitis vinifolia, V.rotundifera, V.cruce.tiana, V.nigra. Only these species are growing on own roots, are blossoming and are fertilizing normally because they contain a new genome equal n=19, 2n=38, but not as at interspecifi c hybrid V. vinifera x V.rotundifolia DRX-55 (2n=39).