文章基本信息

标题：MUSCULAR STRENGTH AND STRENGTH ASYMMETRIES OF HIGH ELITE FEMALE SOCCER PLAYERS
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作者：Tomas Maly ; Frantisek Zahalka ; Dobromir Bonacin 等
期刊名称：Sport Science
印刷版ISSN：1840-3662
电子版ISSN：1840-3670
出版年度：2015
卷号：8
期号：Supplement 1
页码：7-14
出版社：University of Travnik
摘要：The aim of the study was to determine the profile of muscular strength and strength asymmetries of national female soccer players (n = 17, age = 24.19 ± 3.66 years, body height = 1 68.37 ± 6.76 cm, body mass = 62.13 ± 6.05 kg).The muscular strength of the lower limbs was assessed using a Cybex Humac Norm isokinetic dynamometer (Cybex NORM ., Humac, CA, USA). The maximum peak muscle torque of the knee extensors (PT E ) and flexors (PT F ) of the preferred (PL) and non-preferred leg (NL) during concentric contraction were measured at three angular velocities of movement (60, 120, 180, 240 and 30 0 °·s -1 ). Muscle strength of PT E and PT F significantly decreased with increasing angular velocity (p<0.01). The female players produced insignificant muscle strength differences between the PL and NL at all angular velocities. The difference between PT E and PT F was ~ 43.2 % at the lowest velocity and ~ 32.8 % at the highest velocity. Speed of muscle contraction had a significant effect on the ipsilateral ratio (H:Q ratio) in female players (PL: F 1.69,25.8 = 7.61, p = 0.00, η 2 = 0.32, NL: F 2.37,37.9 = 14.50, p = 0.00, η 2 = 0.48). Concerning the Q:Q ratio, contraction velocity only insignificantly affected its size F 2.79,44.6 = 0.38, p = 0.82, η 2 = 0.02. The bilateral ratio of knee flexors (H:H) did not significantly change under the contraction velocity (F 4,64 = 2.86, p = 0.03, η 2 = 0.15). The comparison of bilateral ratio of knee extensors vs. knee flexors was significant (p<0.01) at the velocities of 180, 240 and 300 °·s -1 . It appears that the bilateral ratio of knee extensors is stable with respect to speed of muscle contraction while the ratio of knee flexors is sensitive to increasing movement velocity above 180°·s -1 . Our study indicated that almost 50 % of female players have at least one strength asymmetry (bilateral knee flexor) regardless of their limb's preferences. Maladaptive effects in terms of different kinds of body strength asymmetries represent a potential risk of a player's injury; therefore the detected asymmetries should be systematically monitored and compensated using specific exercises
关键词：female football; strength imbalances; injurie risk prevention; elite female athletes