文章基本信息

标题：Early development of executive functions: A differential study
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作者：Sylvia Sastre-Riba ; Eduardo Fonseca-Pedrero ; Ma. Luisa Poch-Olivé 等
期刊名称：Anales de Psicología
印刷版ISSN：0212-9728
电子版ISSN：1695-2294
出版年度：2015
卷号：31
期号：2
页码：607-614
语种：English
出版社：Universidad de Murcia
摘要：The ontogeny of executive functions is essential in explaining differential and normative developmental trends. Executive functions must be studied from an early age given their consequential effects on mental flexibility, monitoring information, planning, and cognitive control. We propose a differential study in alternative developmental courses through observing typical babies, Down syndrome babies, and babies with riskfactors at birth (due to low weight or to congenital hypothyroidism). Applying Systematic Observational Methodology, spontaneous babies’ activity was registered. The results indicated that: a) Typical babies showed better shifting and action flexibility in order to obtain a goal, thus better results, b) Among the higher risk-babies, the lower efficacy in executive functioning was observed in underweight babies. Those with hypothyroidism were more in line with the typical babies, c) Underweight babies showed a good level of combining actions but they obtained inferior results, d) Down syndrome babies displayed more executive functioning difficulty, lower flexibility, high perseveration and less error detection.
其他摘要：The ontogeny of executive functions is essential in explaining differential and normative developmental trends. Executive functions must be studied from an early age given their consequential effects on mental flexibility, monitoring information, planning, and cognitive control. We propose a differential study in alternative developmental courses through observing typical babies, Down syndrome babies, and babies with riskfactors at birth (due to low weight or to congenital hypothyroidism). Applying Systematic Observational Methodology, spontaneous babies’ activity was registered. The results indicated that: a) Typical babies showed better shifting and action flexibility in order to obtain a goal, thus better results, b) Among the higher risk-babies, the lower efficacy in executive functioning was observed in underweight babies. Those with hypothyroidism were more in line with the typical babies, c) Underweight babies showed a good level of combining actions but they obtained inferior results, d) Down syndrome babies displayed more executive functioning difficulty, lower flexibility, high perseveration and less error detection.
关键词：Early development; differential trends; executive function; cognitive outcome.
其他关键词：Early development; differential trends; executive function; cognitive outcome.