文章基本信息

标题：Climate constraints on the carbon intensity of economic growth
本地全文：下载
作者：Julie Rozenberg ; Steven J Davis ; Ulf Narloch 等
期刊名称：Environmental Research Letters
印刷版ISSN：1748-9326
电子版ISSN：1748-9326
出版年度：2015
卷号：10
期号：9
页码：095006
DOI：10.1088/1748-9326/10/9/095006
语种：English
出版社：IOP Publishing Ltd
摘要：Development and climate goals together constrain the carbon intensity of production. Using a simple and transparent model that represents committed CO₂ emissions (future emissions expected to come from existing capital), we explore the carbon intensity of production related to new capital required for different temperature targets across several thousand scenarios. Future pathways consistent with the 2 °C target which allow for continued gross domestic product growth require early action to reduce carbon intensity of new production, and either (i) a short lifetime of energy and industry capital (e.g. early retrofit of coal power plants), or (ii) large negative emissions after 2050 (i.e. rapid development and dissemination of carbon capture and sequestration). To achieve the 2 °C target, half of the scenarios indicate a carbon intensity of new production between 33 and 73 g CO₂/$—much lower than the global average today, at 360 g CO₂/$. The average lifespan of energy capital (especially power plants), and industry capital, are critical because they commit emissions far into the future and reduce the budget for new capital emissions. Each year of lifetime added to existing, carbon intensive capital, decreases the carbon intensity of new production required to meet a 2 °C carbon budget by 1.0–1.5 g CO₂/$, and each year of delaying the start of mitigation decreases the required CO₂ intensity of new production by 20–50 g CO₂/$. Constraints on the carbon intensity of new production under a 3 °C target are considerably relaxed relative to the 2 °C target, but remain daunting in comparison to the carbon intensity of the global economy today.