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标题：Effects of Reduced Tillage on Crop Yield, Plant Available Nutrients and Soil Organic Matter in a 12-Year Long-Term Trial under Organic Management
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作者：Zikeli, Sabine ; Gruber, Sabine ; Teufel, Claus-Felix 等
期刊名称：Sustainability
印刷版ISSN：2071-1050
出版年度：2013
卷号：5
期号：9
页码：3876-3894
出版社：MDPI, Open Access Journal
摘要：A field experiment was performed in Southwest Germany to examine the effects of long-term reduced tillage (2000–2012). Tillage treatments were deep moldboard plow: DP, 25 cm; double-layer plow; DLP, 15 + 10 cm, shallow moldboard plow: SP, 15 cm and chisel plow: CP, 15 cm, each of them with or without preceding stubble tillage. The mean yields of a typical eight-year crop rotation were 22% lower with CP compared to DP, and 3% lower with SP and DLP. Stubble tillage increased yields by 11% across all treatments. Soil nutrients were high with all tillage strategies and amounted for 34–57 mg kg −1 P and 48–113 mg kg −1 K (0–60 cm soil depth). Humus budgets showed a high carbon input via crops but this was not reflected in the actual C org content of the soil. C org decreased as soil depth increased from 13.7 g kg −1 (0–20 cm) to 4.3 g kg −1 (40–60 cm) across all treatments. After 12 years of experiment, SP and CP resulted in significantly higher C org content in 0–20 cm soil depth, compared to DP and DLP. Stubble tillage had no significant effect on C org . Stubble tillage combined with reduced primary tillage can sustain yield levels without compromising beneficial effects from reduced tillage on C org and available nutrient content.
关键词：organic farming; reduced tillage; soil organic carbon; plant available nutrients; long-term trial; humus budget; C org ; mineralization; moldboard plow; chisel plow; conservation tillage