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标题：TOXICIDAD in vitro DE LOS HERBICIDAS ATRAZINA Y PARAQUAT SOBRE EL CRECIMIENTO VEGETATIVO Y LA ESPORULACIÓN DE HONGOS SAPROBIOS DEL SUELO
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作者：WILBERTH CHAN CUPUL ; GABRIELA HEREDIA ABARCA ; GABRIELA HEREDIA ABARCA 等
期刊名称：Revista Internacional de Contaminación Ambiental
印刷版ISSN：0188-4999
出版年度：2014
卷号：30
期号：4
页码：393-406
语种：Spanish
出版社：Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera
摘要：The objective of this study was to assess the in vitro toxicity of the herbicides atrazine and paraquat on vegetative growth and sporulation of saprobic soil fungi. In thirteen strains of fungi isolated from soil, doses-response bioassays were performed with four concentrations of herbicides: atrazine (468, 937, 1875 and 3750 mg/L) and paraquat (93, 187, 375 and 750 mg/L). The fungi were inoculated with 2 mL of a spore suspension (1 × 106 spores/mL) in Petri dishes with potato dextrose agar (PDA) supplemented with herbicides. Daily growth rates (DGR), percent inhibition of mycelial growth(% IMG), sporulation and the median effective concentration (EC50) were evaluated. Paecilomyces carneus significantly showed the highest DGR (0.26 cm2/day) and maintained its sporulation rate (3.7 × 105 spores/mL) at 468 and 937 mg/L of atrazine. The % IMG of P. carneus, P. marquandii and P. lilacinus at 3750 mg/L of atrazine inAPD were: 22.6 %, 44.4 % and 46.3 %; with an EC50 of 6820 mg/L, 4736 mg/L and 3633 mg/L, respectively. Paraquat was more fungitoxic than atrazine; P. carneussignificantly maintained its DGR (0.17 cm2/day) under 93 and 187 mg/L of paraquat. The EC50 of paraquat showed the lowest values compared to atrazine; Aspergillus tamarii obtained the highest EC50 (256.4 mg/L) in paraquat. The genus Paecilomyces spp. and A. tamarii were the most tolerant to atrazine and paraquat, respectively. These strains are candidates to be included in studies regarding the biodegradation of both herbicides in environmental biotechnology.
其他摘要：The objective of this study was to assess the in vitro toxicity of the herbicides atrazine and paraquat on vegetative growth and sporulation of saprobic soil fungi. In thirteen strains of fungi isolated from soil, doses-response bioassays were performed with four concentrations of herbicides: atrazine (468, 937, 1875 and 3750 mg/L) and paraquat (93, 187, 375 and 750 mg/L). The fungi were inoculated with 2 mL of a spore suspension (1 × 106 spores/mL) in Petri dishes with potato dextrose agar (PDA) supplemented with herbicides. Daily growth rates (DGR), percent inhibition of mycelial growth(% IMG), sporulation and the median effective concentration (EC50) were evaluated. Paecilomyces carneus significantly showed the highest DGR (0.26 cm2/day) and maintained its sporulation rate (3.7 × 105 spores/mL) at 468 and 937 mg/L of atrazine. The % IMG of P. carneus, P. marquandii and P. lilacinus at 3750 mg/L of atrazine inAPD were: 22.6 %, 44.4 % and 46.3 %; with an EC50 of 6820 mg/L, 4736 mg/L and 3633 mg/L, respectively. Paraquat was more fungitoxic than atrazine; P. carneussignificantly maintained its DGR (0.17 cm2/day) under 93 and 187 mg/L of paraquat. The EC50 of paraquat showed the lowest values compared to atrazine; Aspergillus tamarii obtained the highest EC50 (256.4 mg/L) in paraquat. The genus Paecilomyces spp. and A. tamarii were the most tolerant to atrazine and paraquat, respectively. These strains are candidates to be included in studies regarding the biodegradation of both herbicides in environmental biotechnology.
关键词：agrochemicals;dose-response;soil-fungus;mycobiota;agroquímicos;dosis-respuesta;suelo-hongo;micobiota
其他关键词：agrochemicals; dose-response; soil-fungus; mycobiota