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标题：Quantitative Analysis of Fitness Costs Associated with the Development of Resistance to the Bt Toxin Cry1Ac in Helicoverpa armigera
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作者：Guangchun Cao ; Hongqiang Feng ; Fang Guo 等
期刊名称：Scientific Reports
电子版ISSN：2045-2322
出版年度：2014
卷号：4
DOI：10.1038/srep05629
出版社：Springer Nature
摘要：Transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crops play an increasing role in pest control, and resistance management is a major issue in large-scale cultivation of Bt crops. The fitness cost of resistance in targeted pests is considered to be one of the main factors delaying resistance when using the refuge strategy. By comparing 10 resistant Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) strains, showing various resistance levels to Bt toxin (Cry1Ac), to a susceptible strain, we showed an increasing fitness cost corresponding with increasing levels of resistance. The relationship between overall fitness cost C and the resistance ratio R_r could be described by C = 24.47/(1 + exp([1.57 - Log₁₀ R_r ]/0.2)). This model predicted that the maximum overall fitness cost would be ~24% (±5.22) in the strains with the highest resistance level. The overall fitness cost was closely linked to egg hatching rate, fecundity, emergence rate, larval survival rate, and developmental duration of adults. Among fitness components measured, fecundity was the most sensitive trait linked to the resistance selection. To integrate the results into simulation models would be valuable in evaluating how variation in fitness cost may influence the development of resistance in pest populations, thus helping to develop enhanced refuge strategies.