文章基本信息

标题：An extreme wind erosion event of the fresh Eyjafjallajökull 2010 volcanic ash
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作者：Olafur Arnalds ; Elin Fjola Thorarinsdottir ; Johann Thorsson 等
期刊名称：Scientific Reports
电子版ISSN：2045-2322
出版年度：2013
卷号：3
DOI：10.1038/srep01257
出版社：Springer Nature
摘要：Volcanic eruptions can generate widespread deposits of ash that are subsequently subjected to erosive forces which causes detrimental effects on ecosystems. We measured wind erosion of the freshly deposited Eyjafjallajökull ash at a field site the first summer after the 2010 eruption. Over 30 wind erosion events occurred (June-October) at wind speeds > 10 m s⁻¹ in each storm with gusts up to 38.7 m s⁻¹. Surface transport over one m wide transect (surface to 150 cm height) reached > 11,800 kg m⁻¹ during the most intense storm event with a rate of 1,440 kg m⁻¹ hr⁻¹ for about 6½ hrs. This storm is among the most extreme wind erosion events recorded on Earth. The Eyjafjallajökull wind erosion storms caused dust emissions extending several hundred km from the volcano affecting both air quality and ecosystems showing how wind erosion of freshly deposited ash prolongs impacts of volcanic eruptions.