Ochratoxin A (OTA) is one of the most important mycotoxins because of its nephrotoxicity and possible carcinogen in human and animals. OTA is produced by several species in the fungal genera Aspergillus and Penicillium , mainly A. carbonarius , A. ochraceus and P. verrucosum . However, recently the majority of toxigenic isolates identified as A. ochraceus in earlier studies were split as segregate species ( A. westerdijkiae or A. steynii ) from A. ochraceus . In this paper, species identification of the food-borne isolates that were formerly reported as A. ochraceus in Japan was carried out on the basis of conventional and phylogenetical analyses. Among a total of 21 isolates examined, 18 isolates from green coffee beans and one isolate from spoiled soy bean were newly identified as A. westerdijkiae , while each one isolate from domestic moldy rice and from fish processed product were newly identified as A. steynii . Most of these isolates were found to be able to produce OTA on yeast extract-sucrose agar (YES) medium in the range of 82–1,400 μg/g. Hence, it is possible that the majority of toxigenic isolates that were reported as A. ochraceus in earlier Japanese studies were actually A. westerdijkiae or A. steynii .