This study investigated the construct validity of the Japanese version of the BIS/BAS scales. A dot-probe task was used, which examined the degree of attention to a fear-conditioned stimulus. The results showed that the BIS-points, which measure the degree of behavioral avoidance or inhibition, were positively correlated with the degree of attention to the fear-conditioned stimulus. There also was a significant or a marginally significant negative correlation between the BAS-points, which measure the degree of behavioral approach, and the response time. The results indicate construct validity of the Japanese version of the BIS/BAS scales.