文章基本信息

标题：Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) of Enablers Affecting Green Accounting in Indian Manufacturing Sector: A Conceptual Model
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作者：Wenju Zhao ; Yuhang Liu ; Zongli Li 等
期刊名称：Nature, Environment and Pollution Technology
印刷版ISSN：0972-6268
出版年度：2022
卷号：21
期号：2
页码：747-754
DOI：10.46488/NEPT.2022.v21i02.037
语种：English
出版社：Technoscience Publications
摘要：The thermal conditions of soil are important in practical agricultural production. The characteristics of heat flux, moisture content, thermal conductivity, and other soil parameters vary with temperature. This study uses VADOSE/W to create a model of heat transmission between soil and atmosphere, simulating daily changes in soil temperature using sand mulching. By using the published data to verify the model, the results show that the fitting effect is good and the reliability of the model is verified. We also used this model to determine the temporal and spatial distributions of soil temperature, temperature differences, and a temperature gradient for sand mulching and bare soil during the growing season of spring wheat. These results indicated that the sand mulching preserved heat at night. The difference in temperature at each depth and the temperature gradient became negative with the gradual increase in solar altitude. The difference in soil temperature at each depth and the temperature gradient tended to become positive by 22:00. These results indicated that the sand mulch effectively maintained the soil temperature in the morning and night during the growing season and impeded the transfer of heat at mid-day. This study provides a new method for determining the transfer of heat in sand-mulched soil, which can guide the effective regulation of soil temperature.
关键词：Sand mulching;Soil temperature;Numerical simulation;Spring wheat growing season