文章基本信息

标题：Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulation of Nanoparticle Inhalation and Indoor Pollution around Breathing Human
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作者：Yasuhiro SHIMAZAKI ; Masaaki OKUBO ; Toshiaki YAMAMOTO 等
期刊名称：Journal of Environment and Engineering
电子版ISSN：1880-988X
出版年度：2009
卷号：4
期号：1
页码：145-161
DOI：10.1299/jee.4.145
出版社：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers
摘要：There is increasing concern about the health effects of particulate pollutants such as the SARS virus, influenza and diesel emission particles; moreover, restrictions on them are becoming stringent. In this study, particle motions and flows around a human with periodic breathing are numerically solved to predict the gas-particulate two-phase flows. Since the targeted particles are bacteria and viruses, the particle sizes are selected as 1 μm and 100 nm in diameter with a density of 10 kg/m³, respectively. Three-dimensional numerical simulation was employed using the Lagrange approach for particle motion and the standard k-ε model for flows. In the human breathing cycle, inhalation flow exists in the vicinity of the human face within a small area. Exhalation flows exists below the inhalation flow and is spread across a larger area. Downward streams coming from the upper region to the region near the nose are observed not only at the maximum inhalation time but also at the maximum exhalation time. With these downward streams, particles always move downward when inhalation occurs. Motions of particles away from the human body with right-left unsymmetrical vortexes are observed. Particles reach the human nose when the source distance is less than 30 cm. A maximum of 9.9 % of the nanoparticles are captured. When the source distance L is 10 cm, smaller particles of d = 100 nm tend to have high captured efficiency. On the other hand, more 1 μm particles are captured when the source distance is 20 cm or greater.
关键词：Multi-Phase Flow;Pollutant;Nanotechnology;Breathing Human;Virus;Inhalation;Computational Fluid Dynamics