文章基本信息

标题：An Introduction to Epidemiologic and Statistical Methods Useful in Environmental Epidemiology
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作者：Hiroshi Nitta ; Shin Yamazaki ; Takashi Omori 等
期刊名称：Journal of Epidemiology
印刷版ISSN：0917-5040
电子版ISSN：1349-9092
出版年度：2010
卷号：20
期号：3
页码：177-184
DOI：10.2188/jea.JE20100010
出版社：Japan Epidemiological Association
摘要：Many developments in the design and analysis of environmental epidemiology have been made in air pollution studies. In the analysis of the short-term effects of particulate matter on daily mortality, Poisson regression models with flexible smoothing methods have been developed for the analysis of time-series data. Another option for such studies is the use of case–crossover designs, and there have been extensive discussions on the selection of control periods. In the Study on Respiratory Disease and Automobile Exhaust project conducted by the Japanese Ministry of the Environment, we adopted a new 2-stage case–control design that is efficient when both exposure and disease are rare. Based on our experience in conducting air pollution epidemiologic studies, we review 2-stage case–control designs, case–crossover designs, generalized linear models, generalized additive models, and generalized estimating equations, all of which are useful approaches in environmental epidemiology.
关键词：design and analysis;environmental epidemiology;methodology