文章基本信息

标题：Nutritional Treatment in a Cohort of Pediatric Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolaemia: Effect on Lipid Profile
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作者：Maria Elena Capra ; Cristina Pederiva ; Claudia Viggiano 等
期刊名称：Nutrients
电子版ISSN：2072-6643
出版年度：2022
卷号：14
期号：14
DOI：10.3390/nu14142817
语种：English
出版社：MDPI Publishing
摘要：Background and aims: Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is characterised by a genetic alteration in the transport and metabolism of cholesterol that leads to elevated levels of total cholesterol (CT) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and early onset of atherosclerosis. According to the current guidelines, diet and promotion of healthy habits are first-line treatments. Little is known about the effectiveness of cholesterol-lowering diet and healthy lifestyle habits on plasma cholesterol and lipid profile in children and adolescents with FH. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of the nutritional counseling on plasma lipid profile in FH children at the first step of treatment. Methods: 115 FH children (2–17 years) were included in the study; dietary habits were evaluated through a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and blood samples for lipid profile were collected at the enrollment (T0) and six months later (T1). Results: the lipid profile at T0 and T1, expressed as mean ± standard deviation in mg/dL, was, respectively: total cholesterol 285.9 ± 51.1 and 276.6 ± 46.8 (paired test difference p value < 0.01), LDL-cholesterol 214.9 ± 47.7 and 206.4 ± 46.6 ( p value < 0.01), HDL-cholesterol 52.9 ± 13 and 54.4 ± 11.5 ( p value 0.07), triglycerides 87 ± 46.7 and 82.2 ± 38.4 ( p value 0.4), non-HDL cholesterol 233 ± 51.4 and 222.2 ± 47.4 ( p < 0.01). In the dietary habits (weekly portions) we observed an improvement ( p ≤ 001) for fruit and vegetables, fish, pulses, whole foods, and a reduction ( p < 0.01) for meat, sausages, cheese, junk foods consumption. Conclusions: In FH children we have highlighted an improvement of the plasma lipid profile and in healthy dietary habits after nutritional counseling.
关键词：ennutritionfamilial hypercholesterolaemiachildrenlipid profiledietlifestyle