文章基本信息

标题：Ethics-by-design: efficient, fair and inclusive resource allocation using machine learning
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作者：Theodore P Papalexopoulos ; Dimitris Bertsimas ; I Glenn Cohen 等
期刊名称：Journal of Law and the Biosciences
电子版ISSN：2053-9711
出版年度：2022
卷号：9
期号：1
DOI：10.1093/jlb/lsac012
语种：English
出版社：Oxford University Press
摘要：The distribution of crucial medical goods and services in conditions of scarcity is among the most important, albeit contested, areas of public policy development. Policymakers must strike a balance between multiple efficiency and fairness objectives, while reconciling disparate value judgments from a diverse set of stakeholders. We present a general framework for combining ethical theory, data modeling, and stakeholder input in this process and illustrate through a case study on designing organ transplant allocation policies. We develop a novel analytical tool, based on machine learning and optimization, designed to facilitate efficient and wide-ranging exploration of policy outcomes across multiple objectives. Such a tool enables all stakeholders, regardless of their technical expertise, to more effectively engage in the policymaking process by developing evidence-based value judgments based on relevant tradeoffs.
关键词：Analytics;ethics by design;machine learning;organ alloca tion;organ transplantation;resource allocation