文章基本信息

标题：The Impact of Remittances On Opportunity Based and Necessity-based Entrepreneurial Activities
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作者：Congcong Zheng ; Martina Musteen
期刊名称：Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal
印刷版ISSN：1087-9595
出版年度：2018
卷号：24
期号：3
页码：1-13
语种：English
出版社：The DreamCatchers Group, LLC
摘要：Remittances have been defined as direct people-to-people money transfers between migrants and their relatives and/or friends in their home countries. Research has found that remittances play an important role in entrepreneurial activities across various country contexts (Kim and Li, 2014; Lin and Yang, 2017; Vaaler 2011). In this paper, we develop arguments which predict that remittances will have a positive impact on entrepreneurship of individuals who choose to pursue entrepreneurial careers given lack of other employment opportunities–i.e. necessity-based entrepreneurship (hereafter referred to as necessity entrepreneurship). In contrast, we argue that opportunity-based entrepreneurship (hereafter referred to as opportunity entrepreneurship and defined as entrepreneurial activities involving a pursuit of a perceived business opportunity even when other employment options are present) will have a negative association with remittances. This is because the two types of entrepreneurial activities differ in some important respects. For example, necessity entrepreneurship entails relatively lower levels of risk and involves activities which do not demand high levels of human and financial capital. In contrast, opportunity entrepreneurship which is often based on novel business models, demands longer payoff horizons and a strong local support system, together with knowledge of the local business environment.